| IVOD_ID |
158105 |
| IVOD_URL |
https://ivod.ly.gov.tw/Play/Clip/1M/158105 |
| 日期 |
2024-12-12 |
| 影片種類 |
Clip |
| 開始時間 |
2024-12-12T11:11:16+08:00 |
| 結束時間 |
2024-12-12T11:31:48+08:00 |
| 影片長度 |
00:20:32 |
| 支援功能[0] |
ai-transcript |
| video_url |
https://ivod-lyvod.cdn.hinet.net/vod_1/_definst_/mp4:1MClips/50d02d9c955f8e2d8f03f3687cdd510f0341d36cd1de3acc905041b311685818ebd2ef2fddbaddb65ea18f28b6918d91.mp4/playlist.m3u8 |
| 委員名稱 |
郭昱晴 |
| 委員發言時間 |
11:11:16 - 11:31:48 |
| 會議時間 |
2024-12-12T09:00:00+08:00 |
| 會議名稱 |
第11屆第2會期第2次全院委員會（事由：總統咨，茲依據中華民國憲法增修條文第5條規定，提名張文貞、姚立明、何賴傑、陳運財、王碧芳、廖福特、劉靜怡7位為司法院大法官，並以張文貞為院長、姚立明為副院長，咨請同意案。） |
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我們請劉靜怡大法官我們請被提名人大選劉大法官早安是你好 |
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14.999 |
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32.498 |
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我想憲法法庭跟大法官存在的一個意義這個部分等一下會請您再來說明一下我想憲法法庭作為憲法保障機制的一個核心那它的運作其實是依據憲法訴訟法的第一條審理以下類型的一些案件 |
| transcript.whisperx[2].start |
32.858 |
| transcript.whisperx[2].end |
33.338 |
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《政黨違憲解散案件》 |
| transcript.whisperx[3].start |
59.505 |
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72.307 |
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那是因為針對這個統促黨涉嫌收受7400萬介入台灣的大選那在這個檢查機關他們已經依照反滲透法來做這樣子的一個起訴 |
| transcript.whisperx[4].start |
73.086 |
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101.843 |
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那他還不只是介入我們的大選那同時在這個15年來高達有134人他們的組織的成員也涉入了多起的刑案危及國家的一些安全那麼包含不管是這個違反國安法、反滲透法、總統罷免法其中有8案有牽扯11人從民國99年一直到113年之間他們也涉及了很多的刑案包含殺人 |
| transcript.whisperx[5].start |
102.677 |
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109.242 |
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包含強盜、包含跨國人口販運等等所以依照這樣子的一個政黨法的一個查處 |
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110.12 |
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132.511 |
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所以申請憲法法庭將其做解散我為什麼特別舉這個例子因為其實就是想要來凸顯也請我們的劉大法官也來說明一下關於所謂的憲法法庭的角色是不是能夠充分擔起保障憲法權威以及維護人民權利的一個職責 |
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133.912 |
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153.462 |
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那我們的核心價值還有我們在憲政體制當中的獨特的一個功能應該要如何體現那作為所謂的憲法法庭的成員那大法官在審理上述我剛剛所說的這些案件當中又要怎麼樣來體現所謂的憲法守護者的一個角色發揮應有的影響力 |
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155.631 |
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163.78 |
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謝謝委員的提問我想委員剛剛提到的政黨解散的個案因為 |
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165.339 |
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190.319 |
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未來有可能進入憲法法庭那基於司法倫理的要求以及大法官不能夠提早過度揭露心證的這些基本的原則我想我就不針對個案來做回答但是它事實上就是我們憲法裡面以及憲法訴訟法裡面還有政黨法裡面所說的政黨解散案件 |
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191.16 |
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199.059 |
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政黨違憲解散案件那政黨違憲解散案件基本上就是必須要符合政黨的目的或行為基本上危害 |
| transcript.whisperx[11].start |
199.864 |
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200.324 |
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法定人數不足 |
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229.549 |
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255.371 |
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在任何情況底下都會被受理大家可以看得到我們每年大法官做成的案件其實判決是有限的那就表示說人民申請案件必須要有憲法重要性必須要是貫徹基本權利所必要而且經過審查庭跟憲法法院的裁定受理之後才會進入程序所以換句話說憲法法院是一個非常特殊的一個救濟程序 |
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257.133 |
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267.639 |
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這也是憲法法院對一個國家的維護民主制度、民主憲政制度跟維護人權保障最重要、最特殊的地方 |
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269.025 |
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289.864 |
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那我想接下來其實因為今天時間的關係我想憲法法庭跟大法官最終的目的其實是服務人民我想這是絕對沒有任何疑義的那為了要確保這個不受到人民的應該是說不受到違憲行為的一些侵害我們才會訴諸所謂的這個憲法法庭 |
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290.615 |
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314.931 |
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那才能夠得到就是人民他所謂的這個正義的最後的一道防線其實就是憲法法庭很多人可能不知道說原來我們的憲法法庭申請的案件其實96.69%都是跟人民請願案有非常大的一個關係但是就剛剛其實大法官您特別提到其實整個所有最後成案能夠判決下來其實 |
| transcript.whisperx[16].start |
316.112 |
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336.112 |
| transcript.whisperx[16].text |
那個機率其實承案率或者是說到最後其實那個機率其實是有一定的程序其實也不是很高但是我們就用113年的憲判字號的類型我們來做一下例子從第1號到第11號其中在今年的5月就是第6號 |
| transcript.whisperx[17].start |
337.173 |
| transcript.whisperx[17].end |
364.419 |
| transcript.whisperx[17].text |
就是消防警察人員他們的考試升高的限制案當然憲法法庭認為這個現行對於所謂的這個警校人員他們升高在規定的部分排除了男性的部分是10%但是卻排除了55%的這個55%的一個女性這個對於女性的這個應考人員其實是不公平的那這個部分其實也是宣判是違憲的 |
| transcript.whisperx[18].start |
365.419 |
| transcript.whisperx[18].end |
366.14 |
| transcript.whisperx[18].text |
中華民國憲法規定．提名張文貞．提名張文貞．提名張文貞 |
| transcript.whisperx[19].start |
378.922 |
| transcript.whisperx[19].end |
403.403 |
| transcript.whisperx[19].text |
以目前這個教育部由各個縣市政府﹐他們自行制定這個補充的一些相關法令﹐這一年內當中的教育部應該要重新的來做修正﹐也就是說這個將來只要有合格的教師證的這個代理老師﹐他其實都有機會在他的之前的那個年資要提續﹐不會因為他轉換到其他的學校﹐他前面的所有的年資要重新來做計算 |
| transcript.whisperx[20].start |
404.304 |
| transcript.whisperx[20].end |
426.224 |
| transcript.whisperx[20].text |
這樣是不公平的那這個部分其實我們的憲法法庭也做出了一些判決所以其實96.69%都是跟人民的請願有關也就是說最後都會是人民他在自立救濟當中的最後一道防線我們要成為人民的一個後盾那面對這個人民申請案的比例這麼高的一個狀況之下 |
| transcript.whisperx[21].start |
427.345 |
| transcript.whisperx[21].end |
454.953 |
| transcript.whisperx[21].text |
就剛剛您所說的我們怎麼樣在有限的資源有限的時間當中能夠平衡來做一個運用強化對人民的一個保障的一個改革的空間呢謝謝委員提問如果從我們的憲法法庭的發展史來看其實在憲法訴訟法修正之後其實人民的這個權力救濟的案子的確增加很多 |
| transcript.whisperx[22].start |
456.053 |
| transcript.whisperx[22].end |
457.514 |
| transcript.whisperx[22].text |
那當然選案的時候就必須要看呢 |
| transcript.whisperx[23].start |
485.094 |
| transcript.whisperx[23].end |
485.574 |
| transcript.whisperx[23].text |
法定人數不足 |
| transcript.whisperx[24].start |
508.171 |
| transcript.whisperx[24].end |
531.674 |
| transcript.whisperx[24].text |
大法官有助理．或者是大法官．現在不是叫書記處．的一些資源配置．我覺得都還有相當大的一個強化的空間．當然這個部分就必須要有賴未來司法院．跟立法院一起在預算上面能夠合作跟努力． |
| transcript.whisperx[25].start |
534.416 |
| transcript.whisperx[25].end |
558.205 |
| transcript.whisperx[25].text |
我會認為說一個國家如果真正要變成現代的民主憲政國家他的憲法法院的現代化是非常重要的他的憲法法院能夠真的受到人民的尊重這是非常重要的事情那更重要的是一個憲法法院的效率 |
| transcript.whisperx[26].start |
559.665 |
| transcript.whisperx[26].end |
586.332 |
| transcript.whisperx[26].text |
也是非常重要的事情我們過去曾經有很長的一段時間是處在三分之二、三分之二的那個情況底下所以有非常多的我套據前任司法院副院長蘇永青先生蘇永青老師的講法就是所以製造了非常多的死案那這些死案長期放在那個地方其實會導致人民 |
| transcript.whisperx[27].start |
587.532 |
| transcript.whisperx[27].end |
588.894 |
| transcript.whisperx[27].text |
主席主席 |
| transcript.whisperx[28].start |
603.45 |
| transcript.whisperx[28].end |
622.752 |
| transcript.whisperx[28].text |
因為在112年憲法法庭總共受理了2876件的一個申請案件那當然我剛剛講96.69%其實都是跟人民的這個申請訴願案是有關的那接下來其實比較嚴重的問題這個就是在野黨的他們提出了憲法訴訟法當中的這個修正草案 |
| transcript.whisperx[29].start |
623.476 |
| transcript.whisperx[29].end |
647.09 |
| transcript.whisperx[29].text |
那要把所謂的大法官的人數的規定從現有的總額修正成所謂的法定的總額那剛剛有特別提到這個三分之二如果將這個裁判作為門檻提高至法定總額的三分之二會不會直接影響到人民基本權的一個保障我們舉例來講在現有總額都有可能成為比方說像是9票對6票 |
| transcript.whisperx[30].start |
648.491 |
| transcript.whisperx[30].end |
670.102 |
| transcript.whisperx[30].text |
8票對7票就是大概有這樣子就是這樣案件無法通過的一個狀況之下如果再把門檻提高到所謂的法定總額那其實是不是也就徒增了人民他們在自立救濟當中他們的權益的受損甚至於是導致變成他們想要溯源的一種障礙呢 |
| transcript.whisperx[31].start |
670.811 |
| transcript.whisperx[31].end |
695.944 |
| transcript.whisperx[31].text |
好,我想我跟委員報告一下就是有關於貴院在憲法訴訟法的修正上面我想呢,基於權力分立跟制衡的原則作為司法者,未來的司法者基本上呢,我基本上就是先尊重貴院的政治部門之間的協調看看你們能夠修出什麼樣的法律來這個部分呢,我不辯智慧 |
| transcript.whisperx[32].start |
696.644 |
| transcript.whisperx[32].end |
718.261 |
| transcript.whisperx[32].text |
不過我們現在的憲法訴訟的制度改成憲有總額的這個部分其實跟我剛剛說的過去很難做成違憲判決甚至也很難做成合憲判決以至於沒有辦法保護人民的權益的這個歷史發展其實是有關係的 |
| transcript.whisperx[33].start |
719.702 |
| transcript.whisperx[33].end |
737.716 |
| transcript.whisperx[33].text |
所以如果要把法律修正成這樣子的狀況的話那我認為應該要有好的配套的制度或措施來確保憲法法庭的實質運作可能性不要損及憲法賦予司法權的司法自主性 |
| transcript.whisperx[34].start |
738.436 |
| transcript.whisperx[34].end |
764.444 |
| transcript.whisperx[34].text |
或者去防害到大法官職權的行使因為大法官職權的行使是我們司法權相當核心的領域這個是不應該被限制的因為這個在實務的一個運作上面其實等於也增加了一般人民他們的基本權的一個侵害我認為如果這樣子做的話會導致憲法法庭的效率大幅的降低 |
| transcript.whisperx[35].start |
766.485 |
| transcript.whisperx[35].end |
775.531 |
| transcript.whisperx[35].text |
在現行的制度之下光是利益迴避迴避這件事情也會發生在憲法法庭身上往往因為迴避的問題人數的部分也會有影響 |
| transcript.whisperx[36].start |
794.924 |
| transcript.whisperx[36].end |
811.533 |
| transcript.whisperx[36].text |
我並不是百分之百反對修法這個是貴院的職權但是修法必須要有配套甚至貴院在行使大法官提名審查的同意權的時候也應該有所配套 |
| transcript.whisperx[37].start |
812.52 |
| transcript.whisperx[37].end |
812.94 |
| transcript.whisperx[37].text |
我們也希望是這樣 |
| transcript.whisperx[38].start |
828.752 |
| transcript.whisperx[38].end |
847.061 |
| transcript.whisperx[38].text |
那再來就是我想請教一下就是身為女性的大法官我們是如何看待這個兒少性侵害的案件這個追溯期的一個部分我舉個例子來講我相信這個25年過去了那這位受害者呢他現在是32歲 |
| transcript.whisperx[39].start |
848.641 |
| transcript.whisperx[39].end |
863.72 |
| transcript.whisperx[39].text |
事件發生的時候他當年才7歲那他當年7歲呢好不容易現在32歲他可能也許在社會上在工作上他有一定的一個自我自我認知的一個意識喔他想要回過頭來勇敢的站出來來對 |
| transcript.whisperx[40].start |
865.562 |
| transcript.whisperx[40].end |
895.025 |
| transcript.whisperx[40].text |
曾經對他加害人的親戚來做提告的一個動作但是也很無奈的就是說當時在1999年的時候他的刑法還沒有修訂當時的追溯期限只有20年那也就是說以當時的20年到他能夠在2019年的8月底這個才是他的能夠追溯的範圍但因為他今年才站出來所以導致 |
| transcript.whisperx[41].start |
895.623 |
| transcript.whisperx[41].end |
895.883 |
| transcript.whisperx[41].text |
李慧琼議員 |
| transcript.whisperx[42].start |
908.888 |
| transcript.whisperx[42].end |
926.584 |
| transcript.whisperx[42].text |
加害就是被害人呢其實他們在步入社會那在有正常的工作他能夠去勇敢的面對自己的過去那曾經啊我們在這個衛福部也有特別做過一些統計然後在衛福部的統計2023年性侵害的被害人總共有9413人其中呢 |
| transcript.whisperx[43].start |
930.981 |
| transcript.whisperx[43].end |
959.604 |
| transcript.whisperx[43].text |
18歲以下的高達了有5155人而這5155人當中又有80%是熟人加害所為這些熟人包含哪一些呢家人、親戚、老師甚至於所謂的體育老師、教練等等這是所謂的熟人所以光是這樣子對於所謂的權力不等或者是他們害怕、恐懼 |
| transcript.whisperx[44].start |
960.685 |
| transcript.whisperx[44].end |
987.741 |
| transcript.whisperx[44].text |
到我們的追溯期我今天要談的就是我們的追溯期喔那雖然我們現在追溯期是20年到30年的一個現行的一個規範但在有一些國家甚至在美國有許多州他們其實是沒有追溯期的也希望能夠取消這追溯期身為女性法官您對於所謂的兒少被性侵的案件那今年這件我剛剛所說的這個例子它現在也在今年3月喔 |
| transcript.whisperx[45].start |
988.407 |
| transcript.whisperx[45].end |
994.021 |
| transcript.whisperx[45].text |
我們的憲法法庭也來受理了那您對這個追溯期的部分您的看法 |
| transcript.whisperx[46].start |
994.753 |
| transcript.whisperx[46].end |
1021.202 |
| transcript.whisperx[46].text |
好,謝謝委員的提問那這個問題是刑法第80條規定一律以犯罪成立的時間點來計算而且只有依法定型的輕重定有不同的追溯期所導致的問題那這裡其實真正的爭點就像剛剛委員所說的沒有考量犯罪被害人的特殊情況比如說兒少性侵害的特殊情況裡面被害人年紀較小提出刑事告訴有困難 |
| transcript.whisperx[47].start |
1022.482 |
| transcript.whisperx[47].end |
1049.403 |
| transcript.whisperx[47].text |
加害者跟被害人有緊張的關係或是有權勢關係國家事實上也很難去發現這些被害人的處境等等如果從這個角度來看再加上我們對於比較法上面的研究的粗淺心得我想兒少性侵案的犯罪追溯期怎麼期算或者追溯期間的長短我個人基於學理的立場我認為是有追溯空間的 |
| transcript.whisperx[48].start |
1050.724 |
| transcript.whisperx[48].end |
1072.292 |
| transcript.whisperx[48].text |
我的理解是今年已經有立法委員也提出了修正案希望能夠去研擬、排除或改為被害人成年之後才開始計算追溯期這樣的講法當然法務部還沒有完全接納這樣子的主張也許這個就必須要再做更進一步的民主審議跟協調 |
| transcript.whisperx[49].start |
1074.232 |
| transcript.whisperx[49].end |
1088.741 |
| transcript.whisperx[49].text |
這是針對刑法的部分那另外其實在針對所謂的民法球場的部分我想這個是完全嚴重的跟不上那我相信您應該也非常的清楚在民事球場的部分是不是也應該要得到一些重視因為 |
| transcript.whisperx[50].start |
1089.441 |
| transcript.whisperx[50].end |
1118.24 |
| transcript.whisperx[50].text |
目前現行的這個民法求償的部分他是受害人必須要知悉自己被侵害兩年之內或者是發生行為的10年之內那我們可想而知剛剛我所提到的這位被害者他是在7歲的時候也就是說當他7歲甚至現在有很多我們收到的一些陳情案件他們受害者的年紀更小是5歲他要在7歲的時候兩年之內他要知道自己原來這樣叫做被性侵 |
| transcript.whisperx[51].start |
1118.94 |
| transcript.whisperx[51].end |
1146.054 |
| transcript.whisperx[51].text |
才能夠去提起所謂的這個民事的求償的部分這個部分我想應該也是嚴重的落後是不是也一併要納入考慮是是謝謝委員提問我剛剛沒有講完的就是說關於刑事的那個部分因為現在已經有釋憲案在憲法法庭系署當中所以我其實不方便發表這個這個具體的評論那立法上面呢我覺得就是要靠各位關心而造 |
| transcript.whisperx[52].start |
1146.714 |
| transcript.whisperx[52].end |
1148.535 |
| transcript.whisperx[52].text |
佛立立法委員 |
| transcript.whisperx[53].start |
1172.681 |
| transcript.whisperx[53].end |
1199.32 |
| transcript.whisperx[53].text |
上一屆的立委也有人提出來過民法徵定197條之一的條文草案我想可能委員也清楚是對未成年人受到性侵跟妨害性自主的行為所生的損害賠償請求權從被害人成年期開始起算20年我覺得這或許是一個可能的解決方式但是這個是委員們的立法形成空間我就不便再多說了 |
| transcript.whisperx[54].start |
1199.72 |
| transcript.whisperx[54].end |
1201.121 |
| transcript.whisperx[54].text |
謝謝郭委員、謝謝貝提敏人下一位我們請陳玉珍委員詢問 |
| transcript.whisperx[55].start |
1230.527 |
| transcript.whisperx[55].end |
1230.708 |
| transcript.whisperx[55].text |
謝主席 |